Articles GCSAA members can access the archive by logging in and going to the Turfgrass Information File After logging in at TGIF, you can follow the links, or search the title in the search box. GCMHydraulic oil spills on putting greens: Facts and myths What the Tech? I think I have a shade problem Scalping timing for tall fescue control with glyphosate European Union’s view of biostimulants: What may be coming our way Shallow soil compaction following fraze mowing (Cutting Edge) Use moisture meters for greater efficiency and healthier turf On the clock (about timing of aerification) Effects of nitrogen rate and simulated golf cart traffic on Cody buffalograss roughs Impacts of surfactants on soil and plant health Establishment of low-maintenance, naturalized grasses and forbs for turf replacement in California and Arizona Effects of soil temperature on wetting agent efficacy Long-term dynamics and management requirements of sand-capped fairways (Cutting Edge) Measuring putting green firmness (Cutting edge) Mowing height and frequency affect green speed and plant health (Cutting edge) Techniques for turfgrass re-establishment following winterkill Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass, Part 2 Effects of potassium on a bentgrass green (Cutting edge) Reducing Poa annua in zoysia fairways (Cutting edge) Do some wetting agents remove organic coatings from water-repellent sand particles? Advice for superintendents facing greens renovation Poa annua control: A perpetually moving target DLI requirement of a creeping bentgrass green affected by shade intensity and timing (Cutting edge) Does core recycling affect putting green performance? (Cutting edge) 2018 revisions to the USGA method for putting green construction Research update o off-type grasses in ultradwarf bermudagrass putting greens The art and science of syringing for turfgrass canopy cooling Organic and inorganic compounds in crumb rubber mulch (Cutting edge) Less art, more science (greens agronomic program, IPM) Effects of creeping bentgrass seeding rates and traffic on putting green establishment Using PGRs in golf course roughs Effects of the DryJEct or AIR2G2 on bentgrass greens (Cutting edge Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass An early history of thatch managementShould thatch be the target of microbial studies in turfgrass? (Cutting edge) Antimicrobial options for reducing bacterial etiolation on putting greens (creeping bentgrass)> Foliar application of branched-chain amino acids on creeping bentgrass Cutting edge) Bermudagrass recovery from fraze mowing. Use of buffers Winter foot traffic on a Poa annua green (Cutting edge)> The impact of wetting agent use on turfgrass putting surfaces (cool season) (Cutting edge) Wetting agents on water-repellent sand greens Recovery of 4 grass species subjected to cart traffic during prolonged drought Enzymatic approach to remediate water repellency of turfgrass soils Late-fall wetting agent application to enhance winter survival of ultradwarf bermudagrass greens Freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass cultivars (Cutting edge) Response of fine fescue fairway mixtures under drought conditions (Cutting edge) Performance of fine fescues under two forms of traffic (Cutting edge) Managing ice stress of annual bluegrass (Cutting edge Divot recovery in fairway buffalograss (Cutting edge) Maintaining soil physical properties for ultradwarf greens Summer deficit irrigation of bermudagrass Reducing salinity levels on fairways (Cutting edge) Overseeding TifEagle greens reduces shoot density (Cutting edge) Soil properties determine site selection for application of compost to fairways (Cutting edge) Organic golf course had more bacterial-feeding nematodes (Cutting edge) USGA Green SectionUse data to optimize golf course managementLet there be light! Light the way to healthy putting greens. Why photosynthesis is important for golfers Is solid-tine aeration right for your greens? To seed or not to seed, that is the question Minimum daily light integrals: Do cultivars, cutting heights, and PGRs matter? Recovery tips after winter damage and a short growing season How to quickly repair small areas of putting green damage Don’t sleep on tees Deep-tine aeration (warm season) Slow but steady progress (cool-season recovery from winter injury) The ins and outs of zoysiagrass fairway management Sun deficiency Researchers compare removing aeration cores with core recycling A little sand goes a long way Unlock the value of growth potential graphs A novel method for accurately measuring topdressing rates Practice tees that please Highlights from the 2019 USGA winter management workshop Fraise mowing enhances bermudagrass control Three simple methods for leveling tees Regrassing fairways in northern California GCM Testing for sugarcane mosaic virus in St. Augustinegrass Fungicide fate following various mowing and irrigation treatments Dollar spot control using urea and iron sulfate Fungicide alternatives for management of Microdochium patch Effects of organic amendments on dollar spot in bentgrass fairways Site-specific management of spring dead spot Cultivation reduces infestation of silvery-thread moss in a creeping bentgrass green Resistance to new broad-spectrum fungicides SDHI Plant uptake and optimal timing of snow mold fungicides Irrigation water as a source of Pythium inoculum Nitrogen fertilization affects dollar spot severity in bentgrass Dog’s footprint? We call it “ink spot” in these parts. Pythium patch of annual bluegrass A new genus: Identifying and naming the fungi that cause dollar spot on turf Fraze mowing vs. spring dead spot on bermudagrass Prediction model advisees fungicide applications for dollar spot collar control Cream leaf blight of ultradwarf bermudagrass Effect of phosphite rate and source on cyanobacteria colonization of putting green turf Update on BMPs for anthracnose on annual bluegrass turf Optimizing timing of snow mold fungicides Effect of oriental mustard seed meal for control of dollar spot on creeping bentgrass Iron sulfate and urea affect Microdochium patch on an annual bluegrass putting green Responses of creeping bentgrass to an organic byproduct containing tryptophan Take-all root rot on the increase in the Carolinas Should thatch be the target of microbial studies in turfgrass? Antimicrobial options for reducing bacterial etiolation on putting greens Just dew it (Effect of dew removal on efficacy of fungicides for dollar spot) Influence of spray rate volume and surfactants on large patch control Effects of spray nozzle and fungicide mode of action on control of Microdochium patch on an annual bluegrass putting green in western Oregon Chlorothalonil + ferrous sulfate = dollar spot suppression Dollar spot on fairways The infection process and activation of disease resistance in turfgrasses Redox potential and black layer Winning the war with black layer, one battle at a time Effects of nitrogen source, sulfur, and fall fungicide applications on spring dead spot of bermudagrass Thatch collapse in golf course turf First report of brown ring patch caused by Waitea circinate on perennial ryegrass in Oklahoma First report of Xanthomonas translucens causing wilt disease on perennial ryegrass in the United States Ergot in perennial ryegrass seed fields in eastern Oregon First report of Hemicycliophora wyei on bentgrass in Texas USGA Green Section Diversity in dollar spot in the South The difficult thing about mini-ring Don’t sing the pink snow mold blues Dollar spot control (includes modeling) GCM What lies beneath: The microbes at play under cool-season golf courses Fertilization and irrigation strategies reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve water “Fake news” and the superintendent” (science communication skills) Put your ponds on steroids DLI requirement of a creeping bentgrass green affected by shade intensity and timing Golf facilities: An underutilized resource Energy use and environmental practices on U.S. golf courses Aesthetics and playability in secondary roughs Regional trends in land use and environmental practices on U.S. golf courses, Part 2 Stream of conscience National trends in land use and environmental practices on U.S. golf courses, Part 1 Coast-to-coast sustainability An era of environmental progress Zero Tolerance Natural selections Garden on the golf course Prescribed fire: Another tool for your toolbox Welcome, wildlife A recertification story Making a way for monarchs Playing it safe USGA Green Section Fore the Golfer: Wildlife on golf courses Light the way to healthy putting greens Why photosynthesis is important for golfers The value of native areas Establishing monarch butterfly habitat on golf courses Monarchs in the rough GCM Solubility of soil-applied iron Fertilization and irrigation strategies reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve water N source and water quality affect foliar and root N uptake Adopting seasonal fertilizer blackout periods How much do golf courses contribute to Golf of Mexico hypoxia? Effect of composts and organic and standard fertilizers on turf Spatial variability of soil characteristics warrant site-specific fertility Study quantifies nutrient use and management on U.S. golf courses. Nitrogen fertilization of bermudagrass affects carbon dioxide emissions GCM Effects of irrigation chemistry on Tifway bermudagrass performance and nitrogen uptake Velvet vs. creeping: Shining some light on managing bentgrasses in shade Transitioning the transition zone Evaluating shade tolerance among fine fescue species What are we going to do about Poa? Establishing creeping bentgrass in a putting green Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass Effects of potassium on a bentgrass green Reducing Poa annua in zoysia fairways Advice for superintendents facing greens renovation Bermudagrass: Know your hybrids Poa annua control: A perpetually moving target Effects of creeping bentgrass seeding rates and traffic on putting green establishment Using PGRs in golf course roughs Controlling Poa annua in creeping bentgrass fairways Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass Developing fine-textured seeded and vegetatively propagated zoysiagrasses Pronamide-resistant Poa annua in Georgia Advances in warm-season grasses Creeping bentgrass stress tolerance Winter foot traffic on a Poa annua green Evaluating zoysia-tall fescue mixtures in the transition zone Bermudagrass control: Basamid treatment regimens to replace methyl bromide The impact of wetting agent use on turfgrass putting surfaces (cool season) Coating warm-season turfgrass seed to improve establishment Timing of amicarbazone for Poa annua control Freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass cultivars Response of fine fescue fairway mixtures under drought conditions Performance of fine fescues under two forms of traffic Protecting creeping bentgrass from winter desiccation Managing ice stress of annual bluegrass Effects of deficit irrigation and traffic on Tifway fairways Divot recovery in fairway buffalograss Maintaining soil physical properties for ultradwarf greens Summer deficit irrigation of bermudagrass This grass IS always greener (poverty oatgrass, Danthonia spicate) A Poa annua/creeping bentgrass grudge match Overseeding TifEagle greens reduces shoot Zinc for Poa annua control in hybrid bermudagrass GDD models of PGR efficacy on bentgrass greens USGA Green Section Can certain management practices rescue bentgrass from overregulation? Chemical priming to improve annual bluegrass response to ice stress This is not your parents’ grass Are you up to speed with your seed? The time to seed is now Bahiagrass: A new rough turfgrass arrives in the Southeast The spring seed (Poa annua) Sometimes Poa annua is the answer Pulverize your way to hybrid bermudagrass fairways Breeding for wintergreen turf saves water GCM Investigating the impacts of thatch and microbial degradation on white grub control with imidacloprid Cross-resistance to insecticides among pyrethroid-resistant annual bluegrass weevil populations Level of pyrethroid resistance affects efficacy of different insecticide classes on annual bluegrass weevil Searching for management solutions for the bermudagrass mite Management of natural areas and annual bluegrass weevil overwintering Neonicotinoids vs. white grubs These pearls won’t bring you riches: Ground pearls in turf Midwestern billbugs: seasonal biology and DNA-based life-stage association Billbug species composition and life cycles on Missouri zoysiagrass fairways The windshield or the bug Tinder weevil Scouting report Survey of annual bluegrass weevil management Invasion of green stinkworms: managing Amynthas hupeiensis on putting greens Optimal management programs for annual bluegrass weevil populations with different insecticide resistance levels First report of carrot beetle damage to golf course turf Managing billbugs in the intermountain west Improving a predictive model for billbug management ABW invades North Carolina Billbug species composition and life cycles in Missouri Invasive crane fly finds a home in Utah turf Genetic detective work on invasive ants USGA Green Section Hot dogs and fire ants Tick tips GCM Less art, more scienceScouting report (use the ABCs of IPM to clear up the mysteries behind damage to your turf and ornamentals) Developing golf course best management practices: 50 states by 2020 Survey documents innovation in pest management practices Sharpening your axe USGA Green Section The pursuit of (affordable) perfection A successful golf course enhancement project Pest management on golf courses GCM Is your tree care consultant PC or PHC? Get rid of the trees on your golf course Low-maintenance ground covers for Pacific Northwest municipalities Triage for trees USGA Green Section Light the way to healthy putting greens Why photosynthesis is important for golfers Five things every golfer should know about trees on the course A successful golf course enhancement project Annual tree trimming to improve turfgrass performance Tree root turmoil GCM New golf course nematicides Population dynamics of sting nematode in putting greens Nematode control with ultrasound waves GCM A soil surfactant affects distribution of mefenoxam Mosquitoes show high resistance to common insecticide Cuphea oil chemical repels pests Honeysuckle’s sweet scent not so kind to mosquitoes USGA Green Section Where to begin with unwanted pesticides and fertilizers What you need to know about spray applications GCM Using PGRs in golf course roughs Controlling Poa annua in creeping bentgrass fairways USGA Green Section Hormonal responses – Are they helping or hurting your greens? Can certain management practices rescue bentgrass from overregulation? GCM Hydraulic oil spills on putting greens: Facts and myths What the Tech? I think I have a shade problem Create a buzz around your property Pesticides, turfgrass guttation, and pollinators Best management practices to protect and promote pollinators in the turfgrass Less mowing equals more bees Bee-friendly neonicotinoids? USGA Green Section Bees and golf courses, a natural partnership GCM Tracking success DLI requirement of a creeping bentgrass green affected by shade intensity and timing Applicator and Primo effects on the persistence of painted water hazard and boundary lines In with the new GCM Polyethylene glycol effects on zoysiagrass root growth in a hydroponic system Products for alleviating irrigation salinity stress on bermudagrass turf Enhancing fairway water conservation through UAV imagery Combining trinexapac-ethyl with a soil surfactant to reduce bermudagrass irrigation Drought performance and physiological responses of bermudagrass and seashore paspalum Relationships of soil analysis, turf quality, and shoot analysis of Kentucky bluegrass under effluent water irrigation on golf courses Adaptive landscape irrigation using reclaimed water Modeling vertical water distribution and surfactant degradation in sand-based turf systems Kentucky bluegrass water requirements under deficit irrigation Irrigation requirements of cool-season fairway species Surfactant effects on overwatering and underwatering and traffic stress of cool-season greens Wetting agents affect soil moisture, water infiltration Fertilization and irrigation strategies reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve water Do some wetting agents remove organic coatings from water-repellent sand particles? What lurks at the bottom UAVs and water use of warm-season grasses Water you doing with all that potassium? Water conservation and greenhouse gas emissions on greens Kurapia performance in the low desert of Arizona Water quality of streams flowing through Virginia golf courses Mineral composition of Kentucky bluegrass under effluent water irrigation Water conservation and Cooperative Extension turfgrass programs in the Desert Southwest Stream of consciousness Can groundwater keep your course green? How much do golf courses contribute to Gulf of Mexico hypoxia? Lawn and native grasses under deficit irrigation Irrigation sensors for lawns Water swap Does irrigating dormant bermudagrass pay off? Formula for success, Q&A with Mike Huck An irrigation evaluation Window of opportunity Effects of deficit irrigation and traffic on Tifway fairways Summer deficit irrigation of bermudagrass Water use and conservation, Part 2: Region by region GCM Suppressing Poa annua seedhead production Sequential-application herbicides for bermudagrass control Surveying herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass populations on golf course turf Screening for natural weed suppression in fine fescues Differing genetic traits in silvery-thread moss on greens and in native habitats Dazomet for Poa annua control in fairway renovations Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass, Part 2 Reducing Poa annua in zoysia fairways Poa annua control: A perpetually moving target Improving seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass Bermudagrass control: Basamid treatment regimens to replace methyl bromide Trineapac-ethyl and auxin affect creeping bentgrass under deficit irrigation Prescribed fire: Another tool for your toolbox Water hardness and 2,4-D efficacy in weed control experiments Annual sedge resistance to halosulfuron and other ALS inhibitors in turfgrass USGA Green Section Applying nonselective herbicides to warm-season bunker edges during fall A salt – with intent! Nutsedge and kyllinga control strategies To pull or not to pull? Lookalike carrot top weeds Research aims to improve Poa annua control Gear up for goosegrass control Get it while the getting is good GCM Sand topdressing effects on earthworm activity in turf Invasion of the green stinkworms: Managing Amynthas hupeiensis on greens Using organic products to reduce earthworm castings USGA Green Section How data delivers better greens A year of measuring putting green performance Putting greens have speed limits too Light the way to healthy putting greens Is solid-tine aeration right for your greens? Putting green management is more than cutting grass Discourage warm-season grass encroachment into cool-season putting greens Strategies to control soluble salt buildup in putting greens Maintaining smooth putting greens is a team effort Zoysiagrass putting green observations How to sample for winter injury on putting greens Five reasons for putting green renovation Bringing a putting green back to life Greens irrigation equalizer Rootzone compatibility testing for putting green resurfacing, expansion and recontouring Is it time to rebuild your greens Collars, contamination and simplicity USGA Green Section Winter leaves its mark (Northeast) Rough transition (West) Dam scary to remove ice (Central) The perils of saturated ground (Northeast) Proven putting green protection (Central) Five reasons for putting green renovation (Southeast) Think twice before removing ice (Central) Rain, rain, go away (Southeast) Greens irrigation equalizer (West) What not to do this winter (Northeast) Tree root turmoil (Central) USGA Green Section Light the way to healthy putting greens Why photosynthesis is important for golfers Casting shade